aly badawy/homelab
all systems operational
// networking · segmentation

VLAN segmentation

Ten VLANs on the UDR7, each with a defined trust level. The 172.20.Y.Z addressing scheme makes every IP self-documenting — the third octet is the VLAN ID.

10 VLANs 172.20.Y.Z scheme zone-based firewall

01 IP addressing scheme

All homelab networks (except AREDN node LANs) use 172.20.Y.Z:

  • 172 — RFC 1918 private range
  • 20 — site identifier (this homelab)
  • Y — VLAN ID and network designator (same number)
  • Z — host address

This means you can read any IP and immediately know which VLAN it's on. 172.20.100.15 = VLAN 100 (IoT), host 15. No lookup required.

AREDN exception. AREDN node LANs use their own mesh-assigned ranges (e.g. 10.6.229.8/29). These are assigned by the AREDN network and not under local control.

02 VLAN table

Network VLAN Subnet Purpose Isolation
Management 1 172.20.1.0/24 Network gear only — UDR7, switches, APs Restricted — no general devices · no DHCP
AREDN-DtD 2 self-assigned Device-to-Device AREDN links No DHCP — devices self-assign IPs. See note ↓
Personal 10 172.20.10.0/24 Personal computers, phones, tablets Can access Servers
VPN 15 172.20.15.0/24 Remote access clients Same trust as Personal
Servers 20 172.20.20.0/24 NAS, Proxmox lab server, k3s cluster Accessible from Personal & VPN
Work 30 172.20.30.0/24 Work-issued devices Fully isolated — internet only
AREDN-WAN 40 172.20.40.0/24 Uplink to AREDN mesh node Connects UDR7 to AREDN WAN
AREDN-LAN-1 41 10.6.229.8/29 AREDN node LAN (node-managed addresses) Managed by AREDN firmware
IoT 100 172.20.100.0/24 Untrusted smart home / IoT devices Isolated; selective access to Servers
Guest 200 172.20.200.0/24 Guest devices Fully isolated — internet only
AREDN-DtD uses VLAN 2 — an exception to the 172.20.Y.Z scheme. AREDN firmware defaults to VLAN 2 for Device-to-Device (DtD) links between nodes, so VLAN 2 was chosen here to stay compatible with AREDN's own convention, even though it breaks local numbering. Future AREDN LAN VLANs will be numbered 42, 43, etc.

03 Trust hierarchy

VLANs form a tiered trust model enforced by the UDR7 zone-based firewall:

TierVLANsAccess
Trusted Personal (10), VPN (15) Can reach Servers. Can reach internet. Can access self-hosted services.
Infrastructure Servers (20), Management (1) Servers can be reached by Trusted. Management is admin-only.
Restricted IoT (100) Internet access only. Selective outbound to specific Servers IPs (e.g. Home Assistant). No inbound from other VLANs.
Isolated Guest (200), Work (30) Internet only. No access to any local VLANs. No inter-device communication.
Mesh AREDN-WAN (40), AREDN-LAN-1 (41) AREDN mesh traffic. Isolated from all other homelab VLANs.

04 Device IP reference

DeviceVLANIPNotes
UDR7 Management (1) 172.20.1.1 Gateway for all VLANs
UniFi Flex 2.5G Management (1) 172.20.1.x 8-port + 2 trunk. Managed via UDR7.
UniFi Flex Mini 2.5G Management (1) 172.20.1.x 5-port. Managed via UDR7.
UniFi UNAS 4 (NAS) Servers (20) 172.20.20.2 Static reserved
GMKtec NucBox M8 (k3s) Servers (20) 172.20.20.3 Ubuntu 26.04 bare-metal. Kubernetes cluster node. See rebuild guide.
Beelink (Proxmox) Servers (20) 172.20.20.10 Lab hypervisor. VMs reserved at .11–.19.
AREDN node WAN AREDN-WAN (40) 172.20.40.2 Node's WAN interface
AREDN node LAN AREDN-LAN-1 (41) 10.6.229.9 Node's LAN interface (mesh-assigned by AREDN firmware — see arednmesh.org)
UDR7 on AREDN LAN AREDN-LAN-1 (41) 10.6.229.10 UDR7 as gateway on AREDN LAN
last updated 2026-06-08